International Phonetic Alphabet, IPA‧ Voice Onset Time, VOT‧ and Simple Phonetics |音標‧記音‧拼音‧ 塞音声序

1) b, d, g = [b̥ , d̥ , g̊ ]. p, t, k = [pʰ, tʰ, kʰ]. prevoiced: ḃ, ḋ, ġ = [b̬ , d̬ , ǧ ]. 2) Languages without prevoiced stops have 2 categories of VOT: English, German, Korean, Mandarin Chinese, Cantonese and Hakka. 3) Languages with prevoiced stops have 3 categories of VOT: French, Dutch, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Greek, Russian, Arabic, Hindi, Indonesian, Japanese, Vietnamese, Thai and Taiwanese Minnan. | 不含濁塞音的語言VOT二分: 英，德，韓，中，粵，客語。含濁塞音的語言VOT三分: 法，荷，義，西，葡，希臘，俄，阿，印度，印尼，日，越，泰，台湾閩南語。

2024年11月6日星期三

IPA for Vietnamese

IPA for Vietnamese Alphabet Pronunciation

IPA for Vietnamese Vowels

IPA for Vietnamese Consonants

The New Vietnamese Alphabet

and Tone Marks

A Minor Reform Proposal

Nov 2, 2025 LAI Jhi Yang

The New Vietnamese Alphabet

and Tone Marks

A Reform Proposal

Nov 1, 2025 LAI Jhi Yang

New Vietnamese Alphabet

An Optimization Reform Proposal

Oct 19, 2025. LAI Jhi Yang

The Substitute Consonant Alphabet

of the Brief Vietnamese Script

Oct 30, 2025 LAI Jhi Yang

The Alphabet

for the Brief Vietnamese Script

Oct 13, 2025 LAI Jhi Yang

The New Tone Marks

for the Simplified

(Mini) Vietnamese Script

Oct 26, 2025 LAI Jhi Yang

The Reform Proposals

for the Triphthongs in Chữ Quốc Ngữ

Oct 25, 2025. LAI Jhi Yang

The Reform Proposals for the Checked

Syllables in Chữ Quốc Ngữ

Oct 25, 2025. LAI Jhi Yang

The Reform Proposals for the Nasal-End

Syllables in Chữ Quốc Ngữ

Oct 26, 2025. LAI Jhi Yang

New Vietnamese Alphabet

A Reform Proposal to Make Optimal Use of the Entire Latin Alphabet

and to Eliminate the Stacked Diacritics

Oct 10, 2025. LAI Jhi Yang

New Vietnamese Heavy Tone Notation

# 張貼者：賴志洋音標-注音-拼音 : 10:33

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