Mandarin Chinese Pronunciation and Romanizations 中文 (華語) 音標 及 拼音

Mandarin Chinese Consonants

Mandarin Chinese Consonants Romanization

 SPA and Natural Pinyin 

versus IPA and the Other Six Pinyins 

華語 聲母 音標 及 拼音

2008-05-03 Lai Jhi-Yang 賴志洋

Mandarin Chinese Consonants Romanization:

SPA and Natural Pinyin versus IPA and the Other Six Pinyins
華語聲母簡明音標及自然拼音

與國際音標及其他六種拼音對照表

Lai Jhi-Yang 賴志洋 2008-04-20

1. 國際音標 ( International Phonetic Alphabet, IPA ), 1932.
2. 簡明音標 ( Simple Phonetic Alphabet, SPA ),2008.
3. 國語注音符號 ( Mandarin Phonetic Symbols, MPS; Jhuyin fuhau; Zhuyin fuhao; Jhuyin fuhao; Bopomo; Bopomofo ), 1918.
4. 自然拼音 ( Natural Pinyin ), 2008.
5. 通用拼音 ( Tongyong Pinyin ), 2002.
6. 國語注音符號第二式 ( Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II, MPS2 ), 1986.
7. 漢語拼音 ( Hanyu Pinyin, Pinyin ), 1958.
8. 耶魯 (拼音, 譯音法) ( Yale Romanization of Mandarin ), 1940s.
9. 國語羅馬字 ( Gwoyuu Romatzyh, GR ), 1928.
10. 韋氏 (威-翟式, 威妥瑪式) ( 拼音, 譯音法 ) ( Wade-Giles Romanization of Mandarin ), 1892.


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IPA for Mandarin Chinese Consonants

Mandarin Chinese Vowels

IPA, SPA and MPS for Mandarin Chinese   Consonant

Bilabial

Labio- dental

Alveolar

Retroflex

Palatal

Velar

Glottal

Stop

Tenuis

b

ㄅ

d

ㄉ

g

ㄍ

b

d

g

Aspirated

p

ㄆ

t

ㄊ

k

ㄎ

p

t

k

Nasal

Initial

m

ㄇ

n

ㄋ

m

n

Final

n

ㄣ

ŋ

ㄥ

n

ŋ

Affricate

Unaspirated

ʣ

ㄗ

dʐ

ㄓ

ʥ

ㄐ

z̖

ż

j

Aspirated

ʦ

ㄘ

tʂ

ㄔ

ʨ

ㄑ

c̖

ċ

c̗

Fricative

Voiceless

f

ㄈ

s

ㄙ

ʂ

ㄕ

ɕ

ㄒ

x

ㄏ

h

ㄏ

f

s

ṡ

s̗

h

h

Voiced

ʐ

ㄖ

r

Approximant

l

ㄌ

ɻ

ㄖ

l

r

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IPA for General American English